Russians have strongly supported constitutional reforms that could keep President Vladimir Putin in power until 2036, partial results indicate.
With about 87% of ballots counted, more than 77% of voters backed the measures, the electoral commission said.
The reforms would reset Mr Putin's term limits to zero in 2024, allowing him to serve two more six-year terms.
Opposition members have said he is trying to become "president for life", a claim Mr Putin denies.
Top Kremlin critic Alexei Navalny dismissed the announced results as a "big lie" which did not reflect real public opinion in the country.
There is no independent scrutiny of the seven-day vote, and copies of the new constitution appeared in bookshops during the week.
The last polling stations to close in the vast country spanning 11 time zones shut their doors at 18:00 GMT in the western enclave of Kaliningrad on Russia's Baltic coast.
Even before the vote had ended, the internal affairs ministry said there had been no violations that could affect the result, Interfax reported.
Several hundred opponents of the constitutional changes staged protests in Moscow and St Petersburg.
Voting began across Russia last week, and the electoral commission put turnout at more than 64%.
The Russian president and his supporters say the reforms - in total, more than 200 changes - are needed to ensure national stability.
Mr Putin, aged 67, has not said he will run again for the presidency when his latest term runs out in 2024 - but has said it is vital he has the option to do so.
He has been in power in Russia, either as president or prime minister, for 20 years.
Other conservative reforms include a ban on same-sex marriage and introduce a reference to Russia's ancestral "faith in God".
Both Russia's houses of parliament have already adopted the changes, but President Putin ordered a public vote in a bid to legitimise the reforms. It was delayed from April due to the coronavirus outbreak.
Russian polling stations are usually lively places with music, food stalls and entertainment.
But this vote was far more subdued with temperature checks at the door and staff handing out facemasks against the coronavirus.
There were plenty of strong feelings, though.
Twelve of the 20 people we spoke to at one city-centre polling station were fed up with the "eternal rule" of their president. One woman called this a "sad day for democracy and liberal values"; another wanted an extra tick-box on the ballot paper so she could vote not just "against" but "categorically opposed".
Other Muscovites said they were drawn to the poll by the patriotic wrapping around the one central reform for the Kremlin. Voting never to relinquish control of Crimea, for example, and to protect Russia's "historical truth", they were also happy with Vladimir Putin staying on in power.
As one older man put it: if the captain of a ship is steering the right course, why change him? The preliminary count suggests the majority of people voting this week agree.
Russia's new constitution
The amendments cover dozens of existing articles, and add several new ones. They fall broadly into three categories and many enshrine things in the constitution that are already federal law:
- 1: Conservative ideology
Banning any action aimed at the "expropriation" of Russian territory, or calls for that.
Protecting the "historical truth" of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) and banning any "belittling" of the feats of those who fought.
Protection of the institution of marriage as the union of a man and a woman.
Senior officials barred from holding foreign passports, residency or overseas bank accounts.
Refers to Russians' faith in God, as handed down by their ancestors.
- 2: Social/Welfare
Pensions to be index-linked.
Minimum wage no less than subsistence minimum income.
Forming a "responsible attitude" to animals.
- 3: Institutions
State Council to set "direction of domestic and foreign policy and socio-economic priorities".
A person can only hold the presidency for two terms (replacing "two consecutive terms").
In the case of a person already holding the presidency, previous terms will not count - the so-called "zeroing" of Vladimir Putin's terms so far.
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